Mitochondrial protection effect of sirtuin2 inhibitor AGK2 on thioacetamide-induced L02 cells / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To explore the protective effect of AGK2, a selective inhibitor of sirtuin 2 (SIRT2), on the mitochondria of L02 hepatocytes induced by thioacetamide (TAA) and its related mechanism.Methods:Human-derived hepatocyte line L02 cells were cultured in vitro. Different concentrations of SIRT2 inhibitor AGK2 were used as intervention drugs. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) was used to detect the effects of different concentrations of AGK2 on the activity of L02 cells, and the appropriate concentration was selected as the AGK2 intervention group. The normal group was not given any drug intervention. The model group was given 90 mmol/L TAA for modeling. Low, medium and high dose AGK2 groups were added with 1, 2 and 4 μmol/L AGK2, respectively 2 h before modeling. CCK8 was used to detect cell activity in each group. Morphological changes of cells were observed under inverted light microscope. The relative protein expression levels of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1), malate dehydrogenase (MDH1), SIRT2 and fission protein 1 homologue (FIS1) were detected by Western blot. The expression of SIRT2 in cells of each group was observed by confocal laser scanning microscope. The mitochondrial membrane potential of cells in each group was observed under a fluorescence microscope. Results:When AGK2 concentration was 1, 2 and 4 μmol/L, the survival rate of cells were 98.05%, 95.76% and 91.65%, respectively, with no statistical significance compared with normal group (all P>0.05). When AGK2 concentration was 8, 16, 32, 64, 128 μmol/L, the cell survival rate was significantly decreased compared with normal group (all P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the L02 cells in low, medium and high AGK2 groups had better activity and adherence, and the floating cells were significantly reduced. The higher the concentration of AGK2, the better the cell activity and adherence, and the less floating cells. Compared with the model group, the red fluorescence of L02 cells in AGK2 group was enhanced, while the green fluorescence was weakened. The higher the AGK2 concentration was, the stronger the red fluorescence was, and the weaker the green fluorescence was. Compared with the model group, the fluorescence of SIRT2 in L02 cells of low, medium and high AGK2 groups was weakened, and the higher the concentration of AGK2, the weaker the fluorescence of SIRT2. The protein expressions of IDH1 and MDH1 in L02 cells of low, medium and high AGK2 groups were significantly higher than those of model group (all P<0.05), and were positively correlated with the concentration of AGK2 ( r=0.818, P<0.05; r=0.960, P<0.05); the protein expressions of SIRT2 and FIS1 were significantly lower than those of the model group (all P<0.05), and were negatively correlated with the concentration of AGK2 ( r=-0.992, P<0.05; r=-0.998, P<0.05). Conclusions:AGK2 can reduce the mitochondrial membrane potential stimulated by TAA in L02 cells, increase the protein expression of IDH1 and MDH1, and inhibit the protein expression of SIRT2 and FIS1 in L02 cells in a dose-dependent manner.

Research advances in the features of nutrition metabolism and nutritional support in liver failure / 临床肝胆病杂志

The liver is the main place for metabolism in human body, and when severe liver injury is induced by various factors, there will be disorders in the functions of synthesis, metabolism, and biological conversion. This article summarizes the features of the metabolism of nutrients such as glucose, amino acids, and lipids in the presence of liver failure, as well as the assessment of malnutrition and clinical interventions. For patients with liver failure, it is of great importance to identify and correct malnutrition in a timely manner, so as to improve energy metabolism and inflammation and increase survival rate.

Prenatal diagnosis of a fetus with chromosome 18p deletion and duplication / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To assess the value of chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) to verify a fetus with partial 18p deletion signaled by non-invasive prenatal testing.@*METHODS@#G-banding chromosomal karyotyping analysis was carried out on amniotic fluid sample of the fetus and peripheral blood samples from the parents. Amniotic DNA was also subjected to CMA analysis. The fetus was also subjected to systematic ultrasound scan.@*RESULTS@#The fetus was found to have a karyotype of 46,XX,18p+. CMA has revealed a 5 Mb deletion at 18p11.32-p11.31, a 2.9 Mb duplication at 18p11.31-p11.23, and a 2.5 Mb duplication at 18p11.23-p11.22. No chromosomal aberration or microdeletion/microduplication was detected in either parent.@*CONCLUSION@#Non-invasive prenatal testing and CMA are both sensitive for the detection of chromosomal microdeletions and microduplications. CMA can help with clarification of genotype-phenotype correlation and facilitate prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling for the family.

Efficacy observation of P-Gemox chemotherapy combined with intensity modulated radiotherapy in treatment of extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and side effects of P-Gemox regimen combined with intensity modulated radiotherapy in the treatment of extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTL).Methods:The data of 60 patients with ENKTL confirmed by pathomorphology and immunohistochemistry in Guizhou Cancer Hospital from July 2014 to October 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients received P-Gemox chemotherapy combined with intensity modulated radiotherapy (at least 2 cycles), and the efficacy and adverse reactions were evaluated.Results:The complete remission rate of 60 patients was 65.0% (39/60), the partial remission rate was 25.0% (15/60), and the total effective rate was 90.0% (54/60). The main side reactions were myelosuppression, transaminase elevation and radiation mucositis; most of them were mild to moderate, which were relieved after treatment or the withdrawal of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. No treatment-related death cases were found. The overall survival rate of 1-year, 2-year, 3-year was 91%, 75% and 69%; the progression-free survival rate of 1-year, 2-year, 3-year was 86%, 68% and 62%. During the treatment, 3 cases died due to the progress of the disease and infection. Multivariate analysis showed that with and without hemophagocytic syndrome and radiotherapy dose were related to prognosis (all P < 0.05). Conclusion:P-Gemox, as the first-line induction chemotherapy regimen combined with intensity modulated radiotherapy has good short-term efficacy and safety for patients with ENKTL.

Combined transvaginal and abdominal ultrasound in the diagnosis of early ectopic pregnancy / 中国基层医药

Objective To observe the accuracy of abdominal ultrasound combined with transvaginal ultra-sound in the early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy,thus to provide reference for clinical diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy. Methods The clinical data of 68 patients,who pathologically confirmed or conservative treatment with clinical diag-nosis of ectopic pregnancy,were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were treated with abdominal ultrasound,vaginal ultrasound examination.The accuracy and missed ectopic pregnancy rate of transvaginal ultrasound and abdominal B ultrasound and joint inspection were observed.And the presence or absence of abnormal ovarian uterus were recorded. Results By comparison with pathological diagnosis,joint diagnosis of 32 cases of ectopic pregnancy,the diagnosis rate was 94.1 %,missed 2cases,accounted for 5.9%;Transvaginal ultrasound diagnosis were 26 cases,accounted for 76.5%,missed by 8 cases,accounted for 23.5%;Abdominal ultrasound diagnosis were 24 cases,accounted for 70.6%,missed 1 0 cases,accounted for 29.4%.Joint inspection diagnosis rate was significantly higher than abdominal or vaginal ultrasound(χ2 =1 6.75,1 4.38,all P 0.05).Transvaginal ultrasound detected primitive heart tube pulse,mass,blood flow and gestational sac -like structures within the mass were significantly higher than the probability of abdominal ultra-sound(χ2 =26.71 ,7.1 8,1 0.25,50.28,25.69,6.39,all P <0.05).Conclusion United abdominal ultrasound and transvaginal ultrasound can significantly improve the early detection rate of ectopic pregnancy,which can provide refer-ence for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Effect of different sevoflurane postconditioning on myocardial injury in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting with cardiopulmonary bypass / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of different sevoflurane postconditioning on myocardial injury in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG ) with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB ) .Methods Seventy-five NYHA class Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients ,aged 46-72 yr ,weighing 57-90 kg ,scheduled for elective CABG with CPB ,were randomly divided into 5 groups ( n=15 each) using a random number table :control group (groupⅠ) , postconditioning with continuous administration of 1.7% sevoflurane group (groupⅡ a ) , postconditioning with continuous administration of 3.4% sevoflurane group (group Ⅲa) ,postconditioning with interrupted administration of 1.7% sevoflurane group (Ⅱb) and postconditioning with interrupted administration of 3.4% sevoflurane group (group Ⅲb) .Sevoflurane was not given in group Ⅰ .In Ⅱa group ,after the anastomotic stomas of the internal mammary artery to anterior descending artery were released ,the patients continuously inhaled 1.7% sevoflurane for 15 min .In Ⅱb group ,after the anastomotic stomas were released .In Ⅲa group ,after the anastomotic stomas were released , the patients continuously inhaled 3.4% sevoflurane for 15 min , the patients inhaled 1.7%sevoflurane for 5 min first ,inhalation was interrupted for 5 min ,and then inhalation was recovered lasting for 5 min ,and it was 15 min in total .In Ⅲb group ,after the anastomotic stomas were released ,the patients inhaled 3.4% sevoflurane for 5 min first ,inhalation was interrupted for 5 min ,and then inhalation was recovered lasting for 5 min ,and it was 15 min in total .Venous blood samples were taken for determination of the plasma creatine kinase ,creatine kinase isoenzyme-MB , lactic dehydrogenase , and cardiac troponin I concentrations before CPB and at 6 and 24 h after operation .Myocardial specimens were obtained from the right auricle before CPB and after termination of CPB for microscopic examination of the ultrastructure .Results Compared with group Ⅰ , the concentration of cardiac troponin Ⅰ was significantly decreased at 6 and 24 h after operation ( P0.05 ) .The pathological changes were significantly attenuated in sevoflurane postconditioning groups as compared with group Ⅰ ,especially in Ⅱb group . Conclusion Postconditioning with continuous administration of 3.4% sevoflurane for 15 min can attenuate myocardial damage in patients undergoing CABG with CPB .

Effect of pine pollen on kidney mitochondria DNA deletion mutation in senile mice / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of pine pollen on Kidney Mitochondria DNA Deletion Mutation (mtDNA) in senile mice.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Kunming senile mice were randomly divided into the pine pollen group, and the senile control group. And a young control group was randomly selected. Mouse in the pine pollen group were orally administered with pine pollen (750 mg x kg(-1)) daily. The young control group and the senile control group were orally administered with isometric 0.9% sodium chloride injection. After 60 days, deletion mutation of mtDNA were detected by PCR technology and photodensity scan. Relative level of MDA and activity of SOD in kidney tissues were detected.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The senile control group showed significant increase in relative level and deletion mutation of mtDNA (P < 0.05). Compared with the senile control group, the pine pollen group showed decreased depletion of kidney mtDNA (P < 0.05). Pine pollen can decrease MDA volume and increase the activity of SOD significantly (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Pine pollen can inhibit deletion mutation of mtDNA in senile mice, suggesting that pine pollen can reduce oxidative damage of mtDNA and protect mtDNA. Accordingly, it provides a possible mechanism of anti-aging effect of pine pollen at the molecular level.</p>

Blood-saving effect of tranexamic acid in off-pump coronary artery bypass / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the blood-saving effect of tranexamic acid in off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB). Methods Two hundred and sixty ASA Ⅰ- Ⅲ and NYHA Ⅰ- Ⅲ patients of both sexes,aged 18-64 yr, with body mass index 16-22 kg/m2 , undergoing OPCAB, were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 130 each): control group (group C) and tranexamic acid group (group T) . Anesthesia was induced with iv injection of midazolam 0.1 mg/kg, fentanyl 5-10μg/kg and pipecuronium 0.1 mg/kg. The patients were tracheal intubated and mechanically ventilated. PEr CO2 was maintained at 35-45 mm Hg. A bolus of tranexamic acid 1 g was infused intravenously within 30 min after indution followed by continuous infusion at 400 mg/h until the end of operation in group T. While equal volume of normal saline was given in control group. Anesthesia was maintained with inhalation of isoflurane and intermittent iv injection of fentanyl and pipecuronium. Venous blood samples were taken before induction, at the end of operation and at 24 h after operation for determination of Hb, platelet count (P1t), prothrombin time (PT) and international normalized ratio (INR). The volume of chest tube drainage was collected and recorded at 6 and 24 h after operation. The requirement for transfusion of allogeneic red blood cells and fresh frozen plasma was also recorded. Results There was no significant difference in Hb, Plt, PTand INR at each time point between the two groups ( P ＞ 0.05). The requirement for transfusion of allogeneic red blood cells and fresh frozen plasma was significantly reduced in group T as compared with group C ( P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01 ). No deaths and complications occurred during hospital stay in the two groups. Conclusion Tranexamic acid exerts the blood-saving effect in OPCAB.

Effects of sevoflurane postconditioning on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting with cardiopulmonary bypass / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of sevoflurane postconditioning on myocardial ischemiareperfusion(I/R)injury in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG)with cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB).Methods Forty NYHA Ⅰ -Ⅲ patients of both sexes,aged 55-64 yr,with BMI ＜ 30 kg/m2,scheduled for CABG under CPB,were randomly divided into 2 groups(n = 20): control group(group C)and sevoflurane postconditioning group(group S).Anesthesia was induced with midazolam and/or etomidate,fentanyl and rocuronium.Patients were tracheal intubated and mechanically ventilated.Anesthesia was maintained with iv infusion of propefol and intermittent iv injection of fentanyl and pipecuronium.In group S,2% sevoflurane was inhaled continuously for 15 min immediately after aortic unclamping.After anesthesia induction,before CPB,10 min after the end of CPB,at the end of operation,and 6 and 24 h after operation,MAP,HR,CVP,mean pulmonary arterial pressure,pulmonary arterial wedge pressure,CO and S(v)O2 were recorded,and CI,SVI,systemic vascular resistance index and pulmonary vascular resistance index were calculated.Blood samples were taken from central vein before aortic clamping,at 6 h of reperfusion and 24 h after operation for determination of plasma creatine kinase(CK),creatine kinase isoenzyme(CK- M B)and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)activities and tropenin I(TnI)concentrations.Myocardial tissues were obtained from right auricle before aortic clamping and at the end of CPB for observation of the ultrastructure and the severity of myocardial injury was assessed.Results There was no significant difference in hemodynamics and parameters of cardiac function between the two groups(P ＞ 0.05).Compared with group C,plasma CK-MB and LDH activities at 6 h of reperfusion and plasma CK activity and TnI concentrations at 24 h after operation were significantly decreased and the myocardial injury was significantly reduced after the end of CPB in group S(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Sevoflurane postconditioning can protect myocardium against I/R injury induced by CPB in patients undergoing CABG.

Anesthesia management of pulmonary endarterectomy in patients with chronic thromboembolism / 中华麻醉学杂志

Fifty-two patients with chronic thrombeembolism (41 male, 11 female) aged 33-67 yr underwent pulmonary endarterectomy between 1997-2008. Anesthesia was induced with etomidate, fentanyl/ sufentanil and rocuronium/vecuronium and maintained with large doses of narcotics supplemented with low concentrations of isoflurane/sevoflurane if necessary. Swan-Ganz catheter was placed after induction of anesthesia. Trausesophageal echocardiography was monitored. Bilateral pulmonary thromboembolism was performed using profound hypothermia with circulatory arrest. After operation, 35 patients still had sustained pulmonary hypertension (67%). Nervous system complications occurred in 7 patients ( 14% ). Six patients developed lung bleeding (12%) during and after operation and 4 patients infection (8%). The mortality was 15%.

Effects of diazoxide preconditioning on anosda-reoxygenation induced apoptosis in rat hippocampai neurons / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To determine what effects diazoxide, a selective opener of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel ( Mito-KATP ), exerts on apoptosis in hippocampal neurons caused by anoxia-reoxygenation.Methods Newborn SD rats (